Law Tutor in London - UK courts interpret statutes using several established approaches to determine Parliament’s intent:

1. 
   

   Literal Rule: Courts apply the plain, ordinary meaning of the words in the statute, even if the result seems harsh.

   
   


2. 
   

   Golden Rule: If the literal meaning leads to an absurd or unjust outcome, courts modify the interpretation to avoid that.

   
   


3. 
   

   Mischief Rule: Courts consider the “mischief” or problem the statute intended to remedy, interpreting the law to suppress that mischief.

   
   


4. 
   

   Purposive Approach: Courts look at the broader purpose and context of the statute, often used in cases involving human rights or EU law.

   
   

These methods ensure laws are applied fairly and consistently.