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Types of IV Cannulas
Types of IV Cannulas
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Denex International
Guest
Jun 29, 2023
1:28 AM
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IV cannulas come in various types and sizes, allowing healthcare professionals to choose the most suitable option based on the patient's condition, treatment requirements, and the specific vein being accessed. Understanding the different types of IV cannulas is essential for ensuring safe and effective intravenous therapy. Here are some commonly used types:
Peripheral IV Cannulas: Peripheral IV cannulas are the most commonly used type and are suitable for short-term venous access. They are typically inserted into peripheral veins in the arms, hands, legs, or feet. These cannulas range in size from 14 to 24 gauge, with smaller gauges indicating larger diameters. The choice of gauge depends on the viscosity of the solution being infused, the patient's age, and the condition of the veins. Peripheral cannulas are often secured with tape or transparent dressings.
Midline Catheters: Midline catheters are longer and more durable than peripheral IV cannulas. They are inserted through a peripheral vein but advance to a deeper location, usually stopping in the upper arm. Midline catheters range in size from 3 to 8 inches in length and are typically 18 to 20 gauge. They are designed for patients requiring intravenous therapy for an extended duration, typically up to several weeks. Midline catheters offer the advantage of reduced venipunctures and decreased risk of phlebitis.
Central Venous Catheters: Central venous catheters (CVCs) are used for long-term venous access and are inserted into large central veins, such as the subclavian, jugular, or femoral veins. These catheters are available in various types, including:
a. Non-Tunneled CVC: Non-tunneled CVCs are inserted directly into the chosen vein and are typically used in emergency situations or when short-term access is required. They have multiple lumens and are available in various sizes, typically ranging from 14 to 24 gauge.
b. Tunneled CVC: Tunneled CVCs are inserted through a small incision made in the skin and tunneled under the subcutaneous tissue before entering the vein. This design helps to secure the catheter in place and reduce the risk of infection. Tunneled CVCs are commonly used for long-term intravenous therapy, such as chemotherapy or parenteral nutrition.
c. Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC): A PICC is a long catheter inserted through a peripheral vein, typically in the upper arm, and advanced until the tip reaches a central vein. PICCs are often used for long-term intravenous therapy and can remain in place for several months. They are available in single or multiple-lumen configurations and come in various sizes.
Intraosseous (IO) Needles: In cases where intravenous access cannot be obtained through conventional methods due to difficult or inaccessible veins, IO needles can be used. These needles are inserted into the bone marrow cavity, typically in the proximal tibia or humerus, to administer fluids and medications directly into the circulation. IO access is commonly used in emergency situations or when intravenous access is required urgently, such as in pediatric or critically ill patients.
Choosing the appropriate IV cannula depends on several factors, including the duration of therapy, the type of medication or solution being administered, the condition of the patient's veins, and the healthcare professional's expertise.
Name- Denex International
Phone- 0124 4115465
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